Contact

Division of Solid State Physics
Institute of Experimental Physics

Pasteura 5
PL 02-093 Warszawa

phone: +48-2255-32778
fax: +48-2255-32991

E-mail: sek-zfcs@fuw.edu.pl

The beginnings of the Division of Solid State Physics date back to September 1, 1947, when the newly established Chair of Electronics and Radiology was taken by Leonard Sosnowski, who was widely considered to be the founder of the Polish school of semiconductor physics. Professor Leonard Sosnowski was de facto in charge of the Division until his death in 1986. For nearly 20 years, the Division shared laboratories at  Hoża str. 69 with the Institute of Physics of the Polish Academy of Sciences (until the commissioning of the buildings in Aleja Lotników in the early 1970s).

In 2015, the Department's laboratories were moved to two new buildings: Pasteura str. 5 (the main building of the Faculty of Physics, floors -1 and 3) and Banacha str. 2c (laboratories of the Faculty of Physics in the CeNT building, floor 1).

The directions of research and research successes of the Department are primarily determined by the people (academic teachers, scientific and technical staff, doctoral students, as well as students of both levels of study). The current list of the research groups can be found on a separate page.

Some of the list items contain links to the websites of individual groups, where you can look for information about the current directions of the group's research.

The second pillar of research is the apparatus. At the beginning of the 21st century, the Department significantly renewed its equipment base thanks to the support from European Programs (CEPT, CeZaMat, Physics at the Basis of New Technologies, NLTK, NLPQT), to subsidies from the Ministry, the Foundation for Polish Science and individual grants.

In addition to the state-of-the-art scientific equipment owned by research groups, the Division also maintains common equipment.

The most important of them is the cryogenic (helium) infrastructure enabling measurements at low temperatures (usually up to 1.5 K, but even up to 15 mK). The first helium recovery installation with a compressor was built at Hoża at the turn of the 1960s and 1970s thanks to the efforts of Marian Grynberg. In the mid-1990s, the first helium condenser was purchased. Thanks to a grant from the IDUB condensation program, the Division is slowly starting to support measurements in liquid helium for the entire Ochota Campus of the University of Warsaw (mainly NMR spectrometers).

The second very important element of the Department's common equipment is the Nanotech laboratory, which is located on the 1st floor of the CeNT building. There are, among others, a Laboratory of Nanolithography with a cleanroom, a two-chamber high-vacuum MBE machine, apparatus for epitaxy using organometallic compounds (MOCVD) and deposition from the gas phase (ALD), a number of scanning microscopes (AFM, STM, SEM with FIB system), X-ray apparatus XRD, optical and electrical characterization system. More about the Nanotech Laboratory can be found on their website.

 

 

Most cited publications with University of Warsaw affiliation

(WoS Core, 01.01.2026)

752 - Koperski, M; Nogajewski, K; Arora, A; Cherkez, V; Mallet, P; Veuillen, JY; Marcus, J; Kossacki, P; Potemski, M, Single photon emitters in exfoliated WSe₂ structures, Nat. Nanotechnol. 10 (2015)

744 - Alexeev, EM; Ruiz-Tijerina, DA; Danovich, M; Hamer, MJ; Terry, DJ; Nayak, PK; Ahn, S; Pak, S; Lee, J; Sohn, JI; Molas, MR; Koperski, M; Watanabe, K; Taniguchi, T; Novoselov, KS; Gorbachev, RV; Shin, HS; Fal'ko, VI; Tartakovskii, AI, Resonantly hybridized excitons in moire superlattices in van der Waals heterostructures, Nature 567 (2019)

677 - Gałkowski, K; Mitioglu, A; Miyata, A; Płochocka, P; Portugall, O; Eperon, GE; Wang, JTW; Stergiopoulos, T; Stranks, SD; Snaith, HJ; Nicholas, RJ, Determination of the exciton binding energy and effective masses for methylammonium and formamidinium lead tri-halide perovskite semiconductors, Energy Environ. Sci. 9 (2016)

485 - Saarinen, K; Laine, T; Kuisma, S; Nissila, J; Hautojarvi, P; Dobrzyński, L; Baranowski, JM; Pakuła, K; Stępniewski, R; Wojdak, M; Wysmołek, A; Suski, T; Leszczyński, M; Grzegory, I; Porowski, S, Observation of native Ga vacancies in GaN by positron annihilation, Phys. Rev. Lett. 79 (1997)

380 - Leszczynski, M; Teisseyre, H; Suski, T; Grzegory, I; Boćkowski, M; Jun, J; Porowski, S; Pakuła, K; Baranowski, JM; Foxon, CT; Cheng, TS, Lattice parameters of gallium nitride, Appl. Phys. Lett. 69 (1996)

370 - Niedermayer, C; Bernhard, C; Blasius, T; Golnik, A; Moodenbaugh, A; Budnick, JI, Common phase diagram for antiferromagnetism in La_2-xSr_xCuO₄ and Y_1-xCa_xBa₂Cu₃O₆ as seen by muon spin rotation, Phys. Rev. Lett. 80 (1998)

327 - Knap, W; Dyakonov, M; Coquillat, D; Teppe, F; Dyakonova, N; Łusakowski, J; Karpierz, K; Sakowicz, M; Valusis, G; Seliuta, D; Kasalynas, I; El Fatimy, A; Meziani, YM; Otsuji, T, Field Effect Transistors for Terahertz Detection: Physics and First Imaging Applications, J. Infrared Millim. Terahertz Waves 30 (2009)

317 - Gaj, JA; Gałązka, RR; Nawrocki, M, Giant Exciton Faraday-Rotation In Cd_1-xMn_xTe Mixed-Crystals, Solid State Commun. 25 (1978)

307 - Strupiński, W; Grodecki, K; Wysmołek, A; Stępniewski, R; Szkopek, T; Gaskell, PE; Gruneis, A; Haberer, D; Bożek, R; Krupka, J; Baranowski, JM, Graphene Epitaxy by Chemical Vapor Deposition on SiC, Nano Lett. 11 (2011)

306 - Knap, W; Łusakowski, J; Parenty, T; Bollaert, S; Cappy, A; Popov, VV; Shur, MS, Terahertz emission. by plasma waves in 60 nm gate high electron mobility transistors, Appl. Phys. Lett. 84 (2004)

303 - Arora, A; Koperski, M; Nogajewski, K; Marcus, J; Faugeras, C; Potemski, M, Excitonic resonances in thin films of WSe₂: from monolayer to bulk material, Nanoscale 7 (2015)

271 - Gaj, JA; Ginter, J; Gałązka, RR, Exchange Interaction of Manganese 3d⁵ States With Band Electrons In Cd_1‑XMn_xTe, Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Res. 89 (1978)

261 - Yang, Z; Surrente, A; Gałkowski, K; Miyata, A; Portugall, O; Sutton, RJ; Haghighirad, AA; Snaith, HJ; Maude, DK; Płochocka, P; Nicholas, RJ, Impact of the Halide Cage on the Electronic Properties of Fully Inorganic Cesium Lead Halide Perovskites, ACS Energy Lett. 2 (2017)

198 - Nawrocki, M; Planel, R; Fishman, G; Gałązka, R, Exchange-Induced Spin-Flip Raman-Scattering in a Semimagnetic Semiconductor, Phys. Rev. Lett. 46 (1981)

193 - Koperski, M; Molas, MR; Arora, A; Nogajewski, K; Slobodeniuk, AO; Faugeras, C; Potemski, M, Optical properties of atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides: observations and puzzles, Nanophotonics 6 (2017)

192 - Arora, A; Nogajewski, K; Molas, M; Koperski, M; Potemski, M, Exciton band structure in layered MoSe₂: from a monolayer to the bulk limit, Nanoscale 7 (2015)

180 - Boukari, H; Kossacki, P; Bertolini, M; Ferrand, D; Cibert, J; Tatarenko, S; Wasiela, A; Gaj, JA; Dietl, T, Light and electric field control of ferromagnetism in magnetic quantum structures, Phys. Rev. Lett. 88 (2002)

178 - Zając, M; Doradziński, R; Gosk, J; Szczytko, J; Lefeld-Sosnowska, M; Kamińska, M; Twardowski, A; Palczewska, M; Grzanka, E; Gębicki, W, Magnetic and optical properties of GaMnN magnetic semiconductor, Appl. Phys. Lett. 78 (2001)

174 - Yang, Z; Surrente, A; Gałkowski, K; Bruyant, N; Maude, DK; Haghighirad, AA; Snaith, HJ; Plochocka, P; Nicholas, RJ, Unraveling the Exciton Binding Energy and the Dielectric Constant in Single-Crystal Methylammonium Lead Triiodide Perovskite, J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 8 (2017)

168 - Kamińska, M; Skowronski, M; Kuszko, W, Identification of the 0.82-eV Electron Trap, EL2 In GaAs, as an Isolated Antisite Arsenic Defect, Phys. Rev. Lett. 55 (1985)

168 - Golnik, A; Ginter, J; Gaj, JA, Magnetic Polarons In Exciton Luminescence of Cd_1-XMn_xTe, J Phys C Solid State 16 (1983)

162 - Ando, K; Hayashi, T; Tanaka, M; Twardowski, A, Magneto-optic effect of the ferromagnetic diluted magnetic semiconductor Ga_1-xMn_xAs, J. Appl. Phys. 83 (1998)

155 - Goryca, M; Kazimierczuk, T; Nawrocki, M; Golnik, A; Gaj, JA; Kossacki, P; Wojnar, P; Karczewski, G, Optical Manipulation of a Single Mn Spin in a CdTe-Based Quantum Dot, Phys. Rev. Lett. 103 (2009)

151 - Korona, KP; Wysmołek, A; Pakuła, K; Stępniewski, R; Baranowski, JM; Grzegory, I; Łucznik, B; Wróblewski, M; Porowski, S, Exciton region reflectance of homoepitaxial GaN layers, Appl. Phys. Lett. 69 (1996)

146 - Szczytko, J; Mac, W; Twardowski, A; Matsukura, F; Ohno, H, Antiferromagnetic p-d exchange in ferromagnetic Ga_1-xMn_xAs epilayers, Phys. Rev. B 59 (1999)

145 - Muller, F; Hopkins, MA; Coron, N; Grynberg, M; Brunel, LC; Martinez, G, A High Magnetic-Field EPR Spectrometer, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 60 (1989)

145 - Gołasa, K; Grzeszczyk, M; Bożek, R; Leszczyński, P; Wysmołek, A; Potemski, M; Babiński, A, Resonant Raman scattering in MoS₂-From bulk to monolayer, Solid State Commun. 197 (2014)

142 - Twardowski, A; Dietl, T; Demianiuk, M, The study of the s-d type exchange interaction in Zn_1-xMn_xSe mixed-crystals, Solid State Commun. 48 (1983)

140 - Jakubczyk, T; Delmonte, V; Koperski, M; Nogajewski, K; Faugeras, C; Langbein, W; Potemski, M; Kasprzak, J, Radiatively Limited Dephasing and Exciton Dynamics in MoSe₂ Monolayers Revealed with Four-Wave Mixing Microscopy, Nano Lett. 16 (2016)

139 - Zajac, M; Gosk, J; Kamińska, M; Twardowski, A; Szyszko, T; Podsiadlo, S, Paramagnetism and antiferromagnetic d-d coupling in GaMnN magnetic semiconductor, Appl. Phys. Lett. 79 (2001)

139 - Kowalik, K; Krebs, O; Lemaitre, A; Laurent, S; Senellart, P; Voisin, P; Gaj, JA, Influence of an in-plane electric field on exciton fine structure in InAs-GaAs self-assembled quantum dots, Appl. Phys. Lett. 86 (2005)

136 - Rechcinska, K; Król, M; Mazur, R; Morawiak, P; Mirek, R; Łempicka, K; Bardyszewski, W; Matuszewski, M; Kula, P; Piecek, W; Lagoudakis, PG; Piętka, B; Szczytko, J, Engineering spin-orbit synthetic Hamiltonians in liquid-crystal optical cavities, Science 366 {2019)

134 - Łusakowski, J; Knap, W; Dyakonova, N; Varani, L; Mateos, J; Gonzalez, T; Roelens, Y; Bollaert, S; Cappy, A; Karpierz, K, Voltage tuneable terahertz emission from a ballistic nanometer InGaAs/InAlAs transistor, J. Appl. Phys. 97 (2005)

133 - Deng, HM; Chen, ZY; Wołoś, A; Kończykowski, M; Sobczak, K; Sitnicka, J; Fedorchenko, IV; Borysiuk, J; Heider, T; Plucinski, L; Park, K; Georgescu, AB; Cano, J; Krusin-Elbaum, L, High-temperature quantum anomalous Hall regime in a MnBi₂Te₄/Bi₂Te₃superlattice, Nat. Phys. 17 (2021)

132 - Gołasa, K; Grzeszczyk, M; Leszczynski, P; Faugeras, C; Nicolet, AAL; Wysmołek, A; Potemski, M; Babiński, A, Multiphonon resonant Raman scattering in MoS₂, Appl. Phys. Lett. 104 (2014)

128 - Pakuła, K; Wysmołek, A; Korona, KP; Baranowski, JM; Stępniewski, R; Grzegory, I; Bockowski, M; Jun, J; Krukowski, S; Wroblewski, M; Porowski, S, Luminescence and reflectivity in the exciton region of homoepitaxial GaN layers grown on GaN substrates, Solid State Commun. 97 (1996)

126 - Piekara, U; Langer, JM; Krukowska-Fulde, B, Shallow versus deep In donors in CdF₂ crystals, Solid State Commun. 23 (1977)

126 - Kobak, J; Smoleński, T; Goryca, M; Papaj, M; Gietka, K; Bogucki, A; Koperski, M; Rousset, JG; Suffczyński, J; Janik, E; Nawrocki, M; Golnik, A; Kossacki, P; Pacuski, W, Designing quantum dots for solotronics, Nat. Commun. 5 (2014)

118 - Twardowski, A; von Ortenberg, M; Demianiuk, M; Pauthenet, R, Magnetization and exchange constants in Zn_1‑xMn_xSe, Solid State Commun. 51 (1984)

118 - Mycielski, A; Dzwonkowski, P; Kowalski, B; Orlowski, Ba; Dobrowolska, M; Arciszewska, M; Dobrowolski, W; Baranowski, JM, Location of the Fe²⁺(3d⁶) donor in the band-structure of mixed-crystals Hg_1-vCd_vSe, J Phys C Solid State 19 (1986)

118 - Bernhard, C; Tallon, JL; Blasius, T; Golnik, A; Niedermayer, C, Anomalous peak in the superconducting condensate density of cuprate high-T_c superconductors at a unique doping state, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86 (2001)

117 - Molas, MR; Nogajewski, K; Slobodeniuk, AO; Binder, J; Bartos, M; Potemski, M, The optical response of monolayer, few-layer and bulk tungsten disulfide, Nanoscale 9 (2017)

115 - Raymond, S; Studenikin, S; Sachrajda, A; Wasilewski, Z; Cheng, SJ; Sheng, W; Hawrylak, P; Babiński, A; Potemski, M; Ortner, G; Bayer, M, Excitonic energy shell structure of self-assembled InGaAs/GaAs quantum dots, Phys. Rev. Lett. 92 (2004)

114 - Twardowski, A; Hermann, C, Variational calculation of polarization of quantum-well photoluminescence, Phys. Rev. B 35 (1987)

111 - Godlewski, M; Kamińska, M, The chromium impurity photogeneration transitions in ZnS, ZnSe and ZnTe, J Phys C Solid State 13 (1980)

109 - Szczytko, J; Twardowski, A; Swiatek, K; Palczewska, M; Tanaka, M; Hayashi, T; Ando, K, Mn impurity in Ga_1‑xMn_xAs epilayers, Phys. Rev. B 60 (1999)

109 - Koperski, M; Molas, MR; Arora, A; Nogajewski, K; Bartos, M; Wyzula, J; Vaclavkova, D; Kossacki, P; Potemski, M, Orbital, spin and valley contributions to Zeeman splitting of excitonic resonances in MoSe₂,WSe₂ and WS₂ Monolayers, 2D Mater. (2019)

107 - Oila, J; Ranki, V; Kivioja, J; Saarinen, K; Hautojarvi, P; Likonen, J; Baranowski, JM; Pakuła, K; Suski, T; Leszczynski, M; Grzegory, I, Influence of dopants and substrate material on the formation of Ga vacancies in epitaxial GaN layers, Phys. Rev. B 63 (2001)

106 - Holden, T; Habermeier, HU; Cristiani, G; Golnik, A; Boris, A; Pimenov, A; Humliček, J; Lebedev, OI; Van Tendeloo, G; Keimer, B; Bernhard, C, Proximity induced metal-insulator transition in YBa₂Cu₃O₇/La_2/3Ca_1/3MnO₃ superlattices, Phys. Rev. B 69 (2004)

106 - Zając, M; Kucharski, R; Grabiańska, K; Gwardyś-Bąk, A; Puchalski, A; Wasik, D; Litwin-Staszewska, E; Piotrzkowski, R; Domagala, JZ; Bockowski, M, Basic ammonothermal growth of Gallium Nitride - State of the art, challenges, perspectives, Prog. Cryst. Growth Charact. Mater. (2018)

103 - Borysiuk, J; Grabias, A; Szczytko, J; Bystrzejewski, M; Twardowski, A; Lange, H, Structure and magnetic properties of carbon encapsulated Fe nanoparticles obtained by arc plasma and combustion synthesis, Carbon 46 (2008)

100 - Zając, M; Gosk, J; Grzanka, E; Kamińska, M; Twardowski, A; Strojek, B; Szyszko, T; Podsiadlo, S, Possible origin of ferromagnetism in (Ga,Mn)N, J. Appl. Phys. 93 (2003)

 

 

Most cited publications without University of Warsaw affiliation (WoS Core, 09.2025)

(WoS Core, 01.2026)

1270 -Wadley, P; Howells, B; Zelezny, J; Andrews, C; Hills, V; Campion, RP; Novák, V; Olejník, K; Maccherozzi, F; Dhesi, SS; Martin, SY; Wagner, T; Wunderlich, J; Freimuth, F; Mokrousov, Y; Kunes, J; Chauhan, JS; Grzybowski, MJ; Rushforth, AW; Edmonds, KW; Gallagher, BL; Jungwirth, T, Electrical switching of an antiferromagnet ,Science 351 (2016)

887 -Gaj, JA; Planel, R; Fishman, G, Relation of Magneto-Optical Properties of Free-Excitons to Spin Alignment of Mn²⁺ Ions in Cd_1-xMn_xTe , Solid State Commun. 29 (1979)

539 -Bernhard, C; Tallon, JL; Niedermayer, C; Blasius, T; Golnik, A; Brücher, E; Kremer, RK; Noakes, DR; Stronach, CE; Ansaldo, EJ, Coexistence of ferromagnetism and superconductivity in the hybrid ruthenate-cuprate compound RuSr₂GdCu₂O₈ studied by muon spin rotation and dc magnetization ,Phys. Rev. B ,59 (1999)

522 -Dousse, A; Suffczyński, J; Beveratos, A; Krebs, O; Lemaître, A; Sagnes, I; Bloch, J; Voisin, P; Senellart, P, Ultrabright source of entangled photon pairs, Nature 466 (2010)

357 -Kamińska, M; LilientalWeber, Z; Weber, ER; George, T; Kortright, JB; Smith, FW; Tsaur, BY; Calawa, AR, Structural-Properties of As-Rich GaAs Grown by Molecular-Beam Epitaxy at Low-Temperatures ,Appl. Phys. Lett. 54 (1989)